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Prostate Enlargement

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Understanding

Prostate Enlargement

Prostate enlargement, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a common condition affecting men as they age. This non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland can lead to uncomfortable urinary symptoms and, if left untreated, can cause complications. Understanding BPH, recognizing its symptoms, and knowing the available treatments can help manage this condition effectively.

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What is Prostate Enlargement (BPH)?

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The prostate gland, which is part of the male reproductive system, surrounds the urethra—the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. As men age, the prostate can grow larger, often leading to BPH. This growth can compress the urethra, causing urinary difficulties. BPH is a common condition, especially in men over 50, and is not linked to prostate cancer.

Causes, Risk Factors & Symptoms

The exact cause of BPH is not well understood, but several factors are thought to contribute:

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  • Aging: BPH is rare in men under 40, but the likelihood increases significantly as men age.

  • Hormonal Changes: Changes in the balance of sex hormones as men age may play a role.

  • Family History: A family history of prostate problems can increase the risk.

  • Lifestyle Factors: Obesity, lack of physical activity, and certain medical conditions like diabetes and heart disease can contribute to the risk of developing BPH.

Symptoms of BPH can vary, but common signs include:

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  • Frequent or urgent need to urinate, particularly at night (nocturia)

  • Difficulty starting urination

  • Weak or interrupted urine stream

  • Dribbling at the end of urination

  • Inability to completely empty the bladder

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These symptoms can affect the quality of life and lead to complications like urinary tract infections (UTIs), bladder stones, and in severe cases, kidney damage.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing BPH involves a combination of medical history, physical examinations, and tests:

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  • Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): A doctor feels the prostate through the rectum to check for enlargement.

  • Urinalysis: Tests the urine for signs of infection or other issues.

  • Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test: Measures the level of PSA in the blood, which can be elevated in BPH and prostate cancer.

  • Urinary Flow Test: Measures the strength and amount of urine flow.

  • Postvoid Residual Volume Test: Determines how much urine remains in the bladder after urination.

  • Imaging: Ultrasound or other imaging tests to assess the size of the prostate and the urinary tract.

Treatment Options

Treatment for BPH depends on the severity of symptoms and their impact on the patient's life. Options range from lifestyle changes and medications to minimally invasive procedures and surgery.

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Lifestyle Changes:

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  • Reducing fluid intake before bedtime

  • Limiting caffeine and alcohol consumption

  • Regular physical activity

  • Bladder training exercises

Surgical Options:

TURP

 

Transurethral resection of the prostate, commonly known by the acronym TURP, is basically a surgical procedure carried out to treat urinary issues stemming from an enlarged prostate.

Prostate enlargement is a common and manageable condition. Early recognition of symptoms and proactive management can significantly improve quality of life. If you experience any symptoms of BPH, consult with our healthcare provider to explore your treatment options and develop a plan tailored to your needs.

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